Roadside Geology of IdahoTable of Contents | |
The Big Picture | 1 |
Continental Crust, Oceanic Crust | 1 |
The Mantle | 4 |
Plate Tectonics | 4 |
Lithosphere and Asthenosphere | 5 |
Oceanic Ridges - Separating Plates | 6 |
Oceanic Trenches - Colliding Plates | 7 |
Transform Faults - Sliding Plates | 9 |
Ancient History of Idaho | 10 |
Antique Sedimentary Formations | 10 |
The Great Precambrian Continental Rift | 13 |
Paleozoic Sedimentary Formations | 15 |
The Phantom Antler Mountains | 15 |
Mesozoic Sedimentary Formations | 16 |
The Big Plate Collision | 16 |
The Kootenay Arc | 18 |
The Early Western Welt | 18 |
The Overthrust Belt | 19 |
The Western Mylonite | 20 |
Islands that Came into Port | 21 |
The Trench Jumps West - Twice | 22 |
Is Something Important Missing? | 23 |
Eocene Complications | 24 |
Western Cascades, Columbia Plateau, High Cascades | 25 |
Basin and Range | 27 |
The Snake River Plain | 28 |
A Conspiracy of Events | 29 |
The Deccan Connection | 29 |
The Terminal Cretaceous Calamity | 31 |
Columbia Plateau, Snake River Plain, Basin and Range | 33 |
What if It Hadn't Happened? | 36 |
Questions Waiting For Answers | 37 |
The Changing Climates of Tertiary Time | 37 |
The Excessively Mild Weather of Early Tertiary Time | 38 |
The First Long Dry Spell | 38 |
Tropical Idaho | 39 |
Pliocene Sediment | 41 |
Ice Age Glaciation | 42 |
The Modern Streams Begin to Flow | 44 |
The Panhandle | 48 |
The Belt Basin | 48 |
Diabase Sills | 50 |
The Vanished Precambrian World | 52 |
The Kaniksu Batholith and the Purcell Trench | 57 |
The Coeur d'Alene Ores | 59 |
Glaciation | 60 |
Glacial Lake Missoula | 61 |
Interstate 90: Spokane - Missoula | 65 |
US 2: Newport - Montana | 73 |
US 95: Coeur d'Alene - British Columbia | 83 |
Central Idaho | 92 |
The Plate Tectonic Scene | 93 |
The Early Mountain Welt | 93 |
The Mountains Spread East | 94 |
The Migratory Islands Come Home | 97 |
The Old Continental Margin | 98 |
The Bitterroot and Atlanta Batholiths | 100 |
Granite, Gneiss, and Schist | 102 |
The Eocene Scene | 105 |
Dikes, Granite, and Rhyolite | 108 |
Columbia Plateau and the Basin and Range | 111 |
Flood Basalts and Tropical Lakes | 111 |
Basin and Range | 114 |
Frontier Mining | 115 |
Placer Mining | 116 |
Hardrock Mining | 117 |
Scams | 119 |
Cyanide | 120 |
The Ice Ages | 121 |
Cold Climate Erosion | 122 |
US 12: Lewiston - Kooskia | 123 |
Kooskia - Lolo Pass | 130 |
US 93: Arco - Challis | 140 |
Challis - Lost Trail Pass | 148 |
Salmon River Canyon | 158 |
US 95: Payette - New Meadows | 166 |
New Meadows - Lewiston | 173 |
Lewiston - Coeur d'Alene | 185 |
Hells Canyon | 192 |
Idaho 3 / 97: Lewiston - Interstate 90 | 199 |
Idaho 21: Boise - Stanley | 205 |
Idaho 28: Salmon - Interstate 15 | 211 |
Idaho 55: Boise - New Meadows | 216 |
Idaho 75: Shoshone - Challis | 223 |
Snake River Plain | 234 |
The Western Snake River Plain | 236 |
The Main Snake River Plain | 237 |
The Yellowstone Volcano | 240 |
The Volcanic Lowland | 242 |
Second Generation Volcanoes | 242 |
Basalt Flows | 245 |
That Nice Fresh Volcanic Surface | 247 |
The Ice Ages | 248 |
The Great Bonneville Flood | 248 |
Patterned Ground | 252 |
Interstate 15: Pocatello - Monida Pass | 254 |
Interstate 84: Ontario - Mountain Home | 259 |
Interstate 84: Mountain Home - Interstate 86 | 265 |
Interstate 86: Interstate 84 - Pocatello | 272 |
US 20: Mountain Home - Arco | 282 |
Craters of the Moon | 287 |
US 20: Arco - Idaho Falls | 294 |
Idaho Falls - Targhee Pass | 298 |
US 93: Nevada Line - Carey | 310 |
US 95: Weiser - Jordan Valley, Oregon | 318 |
Idaho 51: Mountain Home - Nevada Line | 324 |
The Southeastern Mountains | 328 |
Sedimentary Rock Formations | 329 |
The Rocky Mountains | 332 |
Does Idaho Have Oil Wells in its Future? | 334 |
Core Complexes | 335 |
The Basin and Range | 336 |
The Ice Ages and Lake Bonneville | 338 |
Interstate 15: Pocatello - Utah | 341 |
Interstate 84: Interstate 86 - Utah | 348 |
US 26: Idaho Falls - Wyoming | 357 |
US 30: Interstate 15 - Wyoming | 361 |
US 89: Utah - Wyoming | 372 |
If You Want to Read More | 379 |
Glossary | 381 |
Index | 388 |