Roadside Geology of Hawai'iTable of Contents | |
| I. Geology in the Hawaiian Islands | 1 |
| Of Time and the Hot Spot | 1 |
| The Mantle and the Crust | 5 |
| Lithosphere and Asthenosphere | 5 |
| Molten Rock | 7 |
| Shield Volcanoes | 11 |
| Dying Volvanoes | 13 |
| Xenoliths | 17 |
| Rift Zones | 17 |
| Pyroclastic Cones | 18 |
| Craters | 22 |
| Lava Surfaces | 24 |
| Lava Channels and Tubes | 28 |
| Age Dating | 30 |
| Sinking Islands | 31 |
| Island Collapse | 33 |
| Soils | 36 |
| Fluted Cliffs and Amphitheater Valleys | 38 |
| Drowned Valleys and Tsunami | 39 |
| Wind, Waves, and Beaches | 41 |
| Coral Reefs and Sand Dunes | 45 |
| II. Hawai'i, The Big Island | 51 |
| Around Hilo | 57 |
| Pepe'ekeo Scenic Drive | 63 |
| Hawai'i 11: Hilo - Hawaii Volcanoes National Park | 63 |
| Crater Rim Drive Loop | 70 |
| Chain of Craters Road | 80 |
| Hawai'i 130: Kea'au - South to the Coast | 89 |
| Hawai'i 137: Hawaii 130 - Kapoho | 89 |
| Hawai'i 132: Kapoho - Pahoa | 92 |
| Mauna Loa Road: Hawai'i 11 - Mauna Loa Trail | 94 |
| Hawai'i 11, Mamalahoa Highway: Kilauea - Kailua - Kona | 95 |
| Hawai'i 19, Queen Ka'ahumanu Highway: Kailua - Waimea | 107 |
| Hawai'i 190, Mamalahoa Highway: Kailua - Waimea | 110 |
| Hawai'i 250: Waimea - Hawi | 111 |
| Hawai'i 270: Pololu - Kawaihae | 113 |
| The Hamakua Coast, Hawai'i 19: Waimea - Hilo | 114 |
| Hawai'i 200 and 220, The Saddle Road: Hilo - Waimea | 117 |
| Mauna Loa Observatory Road, West from Hilo: Saddle Road - Mauna Loa Observatory | 123 |
| Mauna Kea Summit Road: Saddle Road - Summit of Mauna Kea | 124 |
| III. Maui, The Valley Isle | 129 |
| Hawai'i 32: Kahului - 'Iao Valley State Park | 133 |
| Hawai'i 30: Kahului - Lahaina | 136 |
| Hawai'i 30: Lahaina - Honokohau Bay | 141 |
| The West Maui Windward Coast: Hawai'i 340, The Kahekili Highway: Honokohau - Kahului | 144 |
| The Kihei - Wailea Resort Coast: Hawaii 31, Pi'ilani Highway: Hawai'i 30 - Wailea | 147 |
| South Kihei, Alanui Road: Kihei - Wailea - 'Ahihi - Kina'u Reserve | 148 |
| Hawai'i 36 and 360, Hana Highway: Kahului - Hana - Kipahulu Valley | 153 |
| Hawai'i 31: Hana - Haleakala National Park, Kipahulu Section | 161 |
| Hawai'i 31, South Flank of Haleakala: West of Kipahulu - 'Ulupalakua Ranch | 164 |
| Hawai'i 37: Kahului - 'Ulupalakua, via Pukalani and Keokea | 166 |
| Hawai'i 377 and 378: Pukalani - Summit of Haleakala | 167 |
| IV. Lana'i, The Pineapple Isle | 175 |
| Hawai'i 440, Kaumalapau Highway: Lana'i City - Kaumalapau Harbor | 177 |
| Hawai'i 440: Lana'i City - Manele Bay | 179 |
| Hawai'i 430: Lana'i City - Shipwreck Beach | 182 |
| Munro Trail, Four-Wheel-Drive Track: Hawai'i 430 - Across Lana'ihale to Hawai'i 440 | 187 |
| Polihua Road to Garden of the Gods, Four-Wheel-Drive Track: Lana'i City - Polihua Beach | 187 |
| V. Moloka'i, The Friendly Isle | 191 |
| Hawai'i 450, Kamehameha V Highway: Kaunakakai - Halawa Valley | 195 |
| Hawai'i 460, Maunaloa Road: Kaunakakai - Maunaloa | 200 |
| Kaluako'i Road: Hawai'i 460 - Papohaku Beach | 204 |
| Hawai'i 470: The Road to Kalaupapa Overlook | 205 |
| VI. O'ahu, The Gathering Place | 209 |
| H-1 Freeway: Honolulu - Farrington Highway | 214 |
| Hawai'i 61: Honolulu - Kailua | 217 |
| Hawai'i 72 to H-1, Kalaniana'ole Highway, around the Southeastern Tip of O'ahu: Kailua - Honolulu | 221 |
| Hawai'i 83 and 99 / H-2: Kailua - The North Shore - Across the Island to Pearl Harbor | 229 |
| Hawai'i 930, Westward to Road's End: Northwest Shore - Ka'ena Point | 243 |
| The Leeward Coast: Hawai'i 93, Farrington Highway: H-1 Freeway - Yokohama Beach | 244 |
| VII. Kaua'i, The Garden Isle | 255 |
| The North Shore: Hawai'i 56, Kuhio Highway: Lihu'e - Ha'ena | 261 |
| Kaua'i South Shore: Hawai'i 50: Lihu'e - Barking Sands | 275 |
| Hawai'i 520 and 530, Koloa Road: Hawai'i 50 - Po'ipu Beach | 280 |
| Waimea Canyon Drive: Hawai'i 50 - Hawai'i 55 | 283 |
| Hawai'i 55: Kekaha - Waimea Canyon and Kalalau, Pu'u o Kila Lookouts | 284 |
| Glossary | 291 |
| Additional Reading | 295 |
| Index | 297 |
| About the Authors | 307 |
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